The Dutch & The British
Xhosas - Natives of South Africa, first to be encountered by the Dutch, put up resistance, but many died of smallpox
Dutch wanted to set up there so they can access India, there was very good farmland there
Dutch became Bowers, Bowers used Xhosas as slaves to farm
British win Cape Town in Napoleonic Wars, they outlaw slavery and force the Bowers to accept it or leave
Bowers choose to leave in the Great Trek with their slaves. They move north and encounter the Zulus
The Zulus are fearsome warriors, and the Dutch did not have the Maxim machinegun
The Zulus harass the Bowers who continue to move north
The Bowers discover Gold and Diamonds and catch the eyes of the British, who take over that area also and seize the gold
The British leave South Africa, but before they leave the establish a government
The Bowers who are still there choose to create the Apartheid Laws
Apartheid
Nationalistic party establishes the severe segregation and limits all rights of Africans, and some of the British White people
Many black leaders demonstrated against the Apartheid:
Nelson Mandela
Desmond Tutu
South African Police used violence to suppress protests
"Sharpeville" Massacre
60+ people were gunned down
Peaceful protest gone wrong
Point where the Africans realize peaceful protests won't work and defaulted to bombing buildings
1980's when world started to protest Apartheid
Many corporations and countries stopped trade with South Africa
Whites realized that it would be bad if they did nothing
They gave Mandela the presidency
Mandela established the "Truth and Reconciliation" Courts
People were to go to court point out all the sins of the accused, and the accused would have to merely apologize.
Both whites and blacks had 2 opinions on this
Mbeki - followed Mandela as President